Difference between revisions of "Homosexuality"
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'''Homosexuality''' is the condition of "sexual desire or behavior directed toward a person or persons of one's own sex."<ref>http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/homosexuality</ref> | '''Homosexuality''' is the condition of "sexual desire or behavior directed toward a person or persons of one's own sex."<ref>http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/homosexuality</ref> | ||
| − | == | + | [[Causes of Homosexuality|Homosexuality has a number of causal factors]] that influence its origination in individuals; these factors will be addressed shortly. In addition, homosexuality has a variety of effects on individuals and [[society]]. Next, some of the historical events, [[Religion|religious]] matters, and [[law|legal]] matters relating to homosexuality will be covered. Finally, there is a [[Homosexuality Research|large body of research]] on the [[Causes of Homosexuality|causes]] and effects of homosexuality. |
| + | == Biblical statements about homosexuality == | ||
| + | [[File:Prophet Moses.jpg|thumb|160px|left|The prophet [[Moses]] authored the book of [[Leviticus]] ]] | ||
| + | For more information please see: [[Homosexuality and biblical interpretation]] and [[Homosexuality and the Bible]] and [[Atheism and homosexuality]] and [[Atheism and the suppression of homosexuality]] | ||
| − | [[ | + | Below are several [[Bible]] verses that condemn homosexuality: |
| + | * [[Leviticus, Chapter 18|Leviticus 18:22]] - You shall not lie with a male as one lies with a female; it is an abomination. | ||
| + | * [[Leviticus, Chapter 20|Leviticus 20:13]] - If there is a man who lies with a male as those who lie with a woman, both of them have committed a detestable act; they shall surely be put to death. Their [[blood]] guiltiness is upon them. | ||
| + | * [[Romans, Chapter 1|Romans 1:26-27]] - For this reason [[God]] gave them over to degrading passions; for their women exchanged the natural function for that which is unnatural, and in the same way also the men abandoned the natural function of the woman and burned in their desire toward one another, men with men committing indecent acts and receiving in their own persons the due penalty of their error. | ||
| + | * [[1st Corinthians, Chapter 6|I Corinthians 6:9-10]] - Or do you not know that the unrighteous will not inherit the kingdom of God? Do not be deceived; neither fornicators, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor effeminate, nor homosexuals, nor thieves, nor the covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor swindlers, will inherit the kingdom of God. ([[NASB]]) | ||
| + | *[[1st Timothy, Chapter 1|I Timothy 1:8-11]] - "But we know that the [[Mosaic Law|Law]] is good, if one uses it lawfully, realizing the fact that law is not made for a righteous person, but for those who are lawless and rebellious, for the ungodly and [[sin|sinners]], for the unholy and profane, for those who kill their fathers or mothers, for murderers and immoral men and homosexuals and kidnappers and liars and perjurers, and whatever else is contrary to sound teaching, according to the glorious gospel of the blessed [[God]], with which I have been entrusted." ([[NASB]]) | ||
| − | + | In addition, numerous other references also condemn the lifestyle, such as 1 Kings 22:46 (NASB): "The remnant of the sodomites who remained in the days of his father Asa, he expelled from the land." [[Liberal]]s even hide additional disparaging references in the [[Bible]] to "homosexuals", by mistranslating the [[Greek]] and [[Hebrew]] slang for the term as "dogs" in [[Deuteronomy 18-25 (Translated)#23:18|Deuteronomy 23:18]], [[Epistle to the Philippians (Translated)#3:2|Philippians 3:2]], [[Psalms 21-30 (Translated)#22:20|Psalms 22:20]], and [[Revelation 16-22#22:15|Revelation 22:15]].<ref>The Greek term for "dogs" as pets is completely different: κυνάριον (kunarion) [https://biblehub.com/greek/strongs_2952.htm].</ref> | |
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| − | + | __TOC__ | |
| − | + | == Homosexuality - Genetics, Religious Upbringing, Culture, Sexual Abuse, and Choice == | |
| − | + | For more information please see: [[Causes of Homosexuality]] | |
| − | + | [[Image:325979 dna150.jpg|thumbnail|150px|left|[[Columbia University]] [[psychiatry]] professors Drs. William Byrne and Bruce Parsons stated: "There is no evidence that at present to substantiate a [[biology|biological]] theory. [T]he appeal of current biological explanations for sexual orientation may derive more from dissatisfaction with the present status of [[psychosocial]] explanations than from a substantiating body of experimental data".]] | |
| − | + | ===Terminology=== | |
| − | + | Homosexuality is sometimes also defined in terms of an attraction, preference, orientation, or [[sexual identity|identity]]. The term "orientation" is particularly favored by those who are promoting public acceptance of homosexuality.<ref>"Today a person is often said to have a homosexual or a heterosexual orientation, a description intended to defuse some of the long-standing sentiment among many [[Western World|Westerners]] that homosexuality is immoral or [[Pathology|pathological]]." Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed., 2001-2005 [http://www.bartleby.com/65/ho/homosexu.html]</ref> | |
| − | === | + | ===Genetics and Claims of the immutability of homosexuality=== |
| + | ''For more information please see'': [[Homosexuality and Genetics]] | ||
| − | + | A common argument is that an inclination to homosexuality is inborn and immutable. It is widely believed that the public will become more accepting of homosexuality if they are convinced that it is inborn and immutable. For example, [[Neuroscience|neuroscientist]] and homosexual Simon Levay stated: "...people who think that gays and lesbians are born that way are also more likely to support gay rights."<ref>[http://www.truenews.org/Homosexuality/homosexual_myths_and_facts.html Myths and facts about homosexuality]</ref> | |
| − | + | Eight major studies of identical twins in the United States, Australia and Scandinavia during the last two decades indicate that homosexuals were not born that way.<ref>[http://www.orthodoxytoday.org/blog/2013/06/identical-twin-studies-prove-homosexuality-is-not-genetic/ Identical Twin Studies Prove Homosexuality is Not Genetic]</ref> [[Causes of Homosexuality|Research into the issue of the origins of homosexuality]] suggests that adoptive brothers are more likely to both be homosexuals than the biological brothers, who share half their [[gene]]s which suggests that homosexuality is not genetically caused. <ref>(''Science'', Vol. 262, page 2063, December 24, 1993)</ref><ref>http://www.trueorigin.org/gaygene01.asp</ref> The past research on the cause or causes of homosexuality prompted the journal ''Science'' to report "this . . . suggests that there is no genetic component, but rather an environmental component shared in families".<ref>(''Science'', Vol. 262, page 2063, December 24, 1993)</ref><ref>http://www.trueorigin.org/gaygene01.asp</ref> However, in regards to [[psychosocial]] and biological theories in regards to the origin of homosexuality, [[Columbia University]] [[psychiatry]] professors Drs. William Byrne and Bruce Parsons stated in 1994: "There is no evidence that at present to substantiate a [[biology|biological]] theory. [T]he appeal of current biological explanations for sexual orientation may derive more from dissatisfaction with the present status of psychosocial explanations than from a substantiating body of experimental data".<ref>http://www.cwfa.org/images/content/bornorbred.pdf</ref> | |
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| − | + | Dr. Tahir I. Jaz, M.D., Winnipeg, Canada states: "The increasing claims of being "[[Homosexuality and Genetics|born that way]]" parallels the rising political activism of homosexual organizations, who politicize the issue of homosexual origins. In the 1970s, approximately ten percent of homosexuals claimed to be "born homosexual" according to a large scale survey....However, in a survey in the 1980s, with the homosexual rights movement increasingly becoming active, thirty-five percent claimed to be born that way.<ref>http://www.flyfishingdevon.co.uk/salmon/year2/hormones/tahir.htm</ref> | |
| − | + | ===Religious Upbringing and Culture Affecting Rates of Homosexuality=== | |
| + | ''For more information please see'': [[Religious Upbringing and Culture Affects Rates of Homosexuality]] | ||
| − | + | Dr. Neil Whitehead is a research scientist and [[biochemistry|biochemist]] from [[New Zealand]] and his wife Briar Whitehead is a writer.<ref>[https://www.mygenes.co.nz/about_us.html About Us: My Genes Made Me Do It website ]</ref> Dr. Whitehead coauthored a book with his wife entitled ''My Genes Made Me Do it - a scientific look at sexual orientation'' which argues that there is no [[gene]]tic determinism in regards to homosexuality (homosexuals are "not born that way") and that there is abundant documentation that individuals can leave homosexuality and become heterosexuals.<ref>http://www.mygenes.co.nz/download.htm</ref> | |
| − | + | [[File:70810564 64d3a67932.jpg|right|170px|thumb|Homosexuality appears to be rare in [[Orthodox Judaism|Orthodox Jews]].]] | |
| − | + | Dr. Whitehead and Briar Whitehead declared: | |
| − | + | {{Cquote|If homosexuality were significantly influenced by [[gene]]s, it would appear in every culture, but in twenty-nine of seventy-nine cultures surveyed by Ford and Beach in 1952, homosexuality was rare or absent. It was very rare in the Siriono, even though there were no prohibitions on homosexual relationships in that culture. The researcher observed only one man displaying slight homosexual traits but apparently not sexually involved with another man. Homosexuality appears to be rare among [[Orthodox Judaism|Orthodox Jews]] [Orthodox Judaism forbids homosexuality], so much so that learned rabbis, the interpreters of [[Judaism|Jewish]] law, usually allowed men to sleep in the same bed, because likelihood of sexual contact was considered negligible. [[Alfred Kinsey|Kinsey]] also found very low homosexual incidence among Orthodox Jews... | |
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| − | + | This evidence comes from missionaries who commonly spend 25 years of their lives living in one culture, far more than almost any anthropologist....Overall they can be considered as reliable witnesses. For example, in contrast to groups like the Sambia in the [[New Guinea]] highlands, where homosexuality was compulsory, only about 2-3 percent of Western Dani (also in the New Guinea highlands) practiced it. However, in another group of Dani who were genetically related, homosexuality was totally unknown. Missionaries report that when they were translating the [[Bible]] into Dani for this group, their tribal assistants, who knew their own culture intimately, were nonplused by references to homosexuality in [[Romans]] 1; they did not understand the concept. Another missionary, with the same group for 25 years, overheard many jests and sexually ribald exchanges among the men, but never a single mention of homosexuality in all that time. When Dani went to help with missionary work among the Sambia, they were astounded at some of the homosexual practices they saw for the first time. Although it is always difficult for a foreigner to be completely sure whether a rare and stigmatized behavior exists, it is certainly true that if three such different experiences of homosexuality can occur in groups of people so closely related genetically, genetically enforced homosexuality is an impossibility.<ref>[http://www.mygenes.co.nz/download.htm My Genes Made Me Do it - a scientific look at sexual orientation by Dr Neil Whitehead and Briar Whitehead - Chapter 6]</ref>}} | |
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| − | === | + | === Prevalence of homosexuality going down in cultures that become more conservative === |
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| − | + | ''See also:'' [[Prevalence of homosexuality going down in cultures that become more conservative]] | |
| − | + | According to a paper produced for the Young Historians Conference, "The [[Roman Empire]]’s transition from a polytheistic to [[Christianity|Christian]] society corresponded with and likely contributed to its growing intolerance of homosexuality in social mores and written law; this aligns with the general trend that [[Polytheism|polytheistic]] societies have freer attitudes toward sexuality than [[Monotheism|monotheistic]] ones."<ref>[https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1074&context=younghistorians Christianity's Influence on Attitudes toward Homosexuality in the Roman Empire] by Jennie Jiang</ref> | |
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| − | + | Some areas of the United States are more [[liberal]]/[[conservative]] than others. Gallup Organization data from 2013: "The percentage of U.S. adults who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender (LGBT) ranges from 1.7% in North Dakota to 5.1% in Hawaii and 10% in the District of Columbia, according to Gallup surveys conducted from June-December 2012. Residents in the District of Columbia were most likely to identify as LGBT (10%). Among states, the highest percentage was in Hawaii (5.1%) and the lowest in North Dakota (1.7%), but all states are within two percentage points of the nationwide average of 3.5%."<ref>[https://news.gallup.com/poll/160517/lgbt-percentage-highest-lowest-north-dakota.aspx LGBT Percentage Highest in D.C., Lowest in North Dakota], Gallup Organization, 2013</ref> | |
| − | + | [[File:Lange-MigrantMother02.jpg|thumbnail|right|250px|Destitute mother during the [[Great Depression]]. ]] | |
| + | The History.com article indicates: | ||
| + | {{Cquote|On a Friday night in February 1926, a crowd of some 1,500 packed the Renaissance Casino in New York City’s Harlem neighborhood for the 58th masquerade and civil ball of Hamilton Lodge. | ||
| − | + | Nearly half of those attending the event, reported the New York Age, appeared to be “men of the class generally known as ‘fairies,’ and many Bohemians from the Greenwich Village section who...in their gorgeous evening gowns, wigs and powdered faces were hard to distinguish from many of the women.” | |
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| − | + | The tradition of masquerade and civil balls, more commonly known as drag balls, had begun back in 1869 within Hamilton Lodge, a black fraternal organization in Harlem. By the mid-1920s, at the height of the [[Prohibition]] era, they were attracting as many as 7,000 people of various races and social classes—gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender and straight alike... | |
| − | + | With the end of Prohibition, the onset of the [[Great Depression|Depression]] and the coming of World War II, [[LGBTQ]] culture and community began to fall out of favor. As Chauncey writes, a backlash began in the 1930s, as “part of a wider Depression-era condemnation of the cultural experimentation of the 20's, which many blamed for the economic collapse.” | |
| − | + | The sale of liquor was legal again, but newly enforced laws and regulations prohibited restaurants and bars from hiring gay employees or even serving gay patrons. In the mid- to late- ‘30s, Heap points out, a wave of sensationalized sex crimes “provoked hysteria about sex criminals, who were often—in the mind of the public and in the mind of authorities—equated with gay men.” | |
| − | + | This not only discouraged gay men from participating in public life, but also “made homosexuality seem more dangerous to the average American.” | |
| − | + | By the post-World War II era, a larger cultural shift toward earlier marriage and suburban living, the advent of TV and the anti-homosexuality crusades championed by [[Joseph McCarthy]] would help push the flowering of gay culture represented by the Pansy Craze firmly into the nation’s rear-view mirror. | |
| − | + | Drag balls, and the spirit of freedom and exuberance they represented, never went away entirely—but it would be decades before LGBTQ life would flourish so publicly again.<ref>[https://www.history.com/news/gay-culture-roaring-twenties-prohibition How Gay Culture Blossomed During the Roaring Twenties], History.com, 2019</ref>}} | |
| − | + | === Martin Luther King viewed homosexuality as a problem === | |
| − | + | The religious leader and [[civil rights]] leader [[Martin Luther King]] (MLK) never championed the [[homosexual agenda]]. In fact, MLK saw homosexuality as probably a culturally induced "problem" and he believed that homosexuals could become [[ex-homosexuals]]. (see: [[Overcoming homosexuality]]).<ref>[http://www.wnd.com/2014/01/mlk-homosexuality-a-problem-with-a-solution/ MLK: Homosexuality a 'problem' with a 'solution']</ref> | |
| − | + | King wrote in a 1958 column: “The type of feeling that you have toward boys is probably not an innate tendency, but something that has been culturally acquired.” “You are already on the right road toward a solution, since you honestly recognize the problem and have a desire to solve it.”<ref>[http://www.wnd.com/2014/01/mlk-homosexuality-a-problem-with-a-solution/ MLK: Homosexuality a 'problem' with a 'solution']</ref> | |
| − | == | + | === Rates of homosexuality: Childhoods in urban vs. non-urban areas === |
| − | + | In 1994, the book ''Sex in America: A definitive survey'' by Robert T. Michael, John H. Gagnon, Edward O. Laumann, and Gina Kolata stated the following: "We discovered that people who were raised in large cities were more likely to be homosexual than people who were raised in suburbs, towns, or the countryside. This relationship also showed up in the General Social Survey, an independent national sample."<ref>''Sex in America: A definitive survey'' by Robert T. Michael, John H. Gagnon, Edward O. Laumann, and Gina Kolata, Boston, Little, Brown, 1994, page 182</ref>}} | |
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| − | + | The aforementioned authors, Dr. Whitehead and Briar Whitehead, likewise wrote: "There is a much higher incidence of homosexuality among those who have been raised in large cities, rather than in rural areas, arguing that the environment is much more powerful than genes in the development of homosexuality."<ref>http://www.mygenes.co.nz/summary.htm</ref> | |
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| − | + | === Homosexuality: Experiments Fail to Show Genetic Determinism === | |
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| − | + | ''For more information please see'': [[Failure of Experiments to Show Genetic Determinism For Homosexuality]] | |
| − | + | Dr. Dean Hamer is a researcher often cited to show that there is empirical data supporting the notion of genetic [[determinism]] in regard to homosexuality. News organizations like [[National Public Radio]] and [[Newsweek]] have done news stories regarding his work.<ref>[https://www.the-scientist.com/critic-at-large/going-beyond-the-lab-37247 Going Beyond the Lab], ''The Scientist''</ref> In respect to the press trumpeting various findings genetics-of-behavior research uncritically the science journal ''Science'' stated the following in 1994: "Time and time again, scientists have claimed that particular genes or [[chromosome|chromosomal]] regions are associated with behavioral traits, only to withdraw their findings when they were not replicated. 'Unfortunately,' says Yale's [Dr. Joel] Gelernter, 'it's hard to come up with many' findings linking specific genes to complex human behaviors that have been replicated. ...All were announced with great fanfare; all were greeted unskeptically in the popular press; all are now in disrepute.'"<ref>''Science'', 264:1687 (1994)</ref> | |
| − | + | === Gender and homosexuality === | |
| − | ...the | + | The [[Gallup poll|Gallup Organization]] reported: "The Family Research Report says 'around 2-3% of men, and 2% of women, are homosexual or bisexual.'"<ref>[http://www.gallup.com/poll/6961/what-percentage-population-gay.aspx What Percentage of the Population Is Gay?] by Jennifer Robison, [[Gallup poll|Gallup Organization]]</ref> The U.S Department of Health and Human Services reported: "While the percentage of women and men aged 18-44 years who reported they were either heterosexual or homosexual was similar (94% of women and 96% of men said they were heterosexual while 1.1% of women and 1.7% of men said they were homosexual or gay), the percentage of women who reported they were bisexual was more than 3 times as high as men (3.5% of women vs. 1.1% of men)."<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130605104033/http://www.hhs.gov/opa/pdfs/r-and-e-update-spring-2011.pdf OPA RESEARCH & EVALUATION UPDATE, January – March 2011], U.S Department of Health and Human Services]</ref><ref>[https://carm.org/percent-population-homosexual Statistics on the percentage of the population that are homosexual and lesbian] by Matt Slick, [[CARM]]</ref> |
| − | [[ | + | === Homosexuality and Choice === |
| − | + | In regards to the issue of [[Homosexuality and Choice|homosexuality and choice]], given the existence of [[ex-homosexuals]] and given the [[ Religious Upbringing and Culture Affects Rates of Homosexuality|existence of human cultures where homosexuality has apparently not existed]], the position that homosexuality is ultimately a choice in individuals or at the very least can be a choice in individuals has strong evidential support. In short, there is a strong argument that one can [[Overcoming Homosexuality|leave homosexuality]]. | |
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| − | + | Also, in 2012 ABC News reported concerning actress Cynthia Nixon: "Cynthia Nixon stands by her statement that she is gay by choice, despite the backlash she’s received from members of the gay community."<ref>[http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/entertainment/2012/01/cynthia-nixon-gay-by-choice/ Cynthia Nixon: Gay by Choice?]</ref> In addition, given that the [[Homosexuality and health|homosexual population has significantly higher rates of many diseases and the homosexual population also has significantly lower rates of various measures of mental health]], it can be strongly argued that engaging in homosexual acts is a bad choice for individuals. | |
| − | + | Another factor that makes engaging in homosexual acts a bad choice for individuals is the significantly higher rates of [[Homosexual Couples and Domestic Violence|domestic violence in homosexual couples]]. In addition, according to experts [[Homosexuality and Murders|homosexual murders are relatively or quite common and often homosexual murders are very brutal]]. Also, the [[Homosexuality and Illegal Drug Use|homosexual population has a greater propensity to engage in illegal drug use]]. | |
| − | + | A 2003 poll done by Ellison Research of [[Phoenix]], [[Arizona]] stated that 82% of all [[United States|American]] [[Protestantism|Protestant]] ministers agreed with the statement “homosexuality is a choice people make".<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20181025095012/http://www.greymatterresearch.com/index_files/Homosexuality.htm Opinions about homosexuality - Grey Matter Consulting]</ref> | |
| − | == | + | ===Immutability=== |
| + | Immutability is the inability of a thing to be changed. For example, it is impossible to change a dog into a cat. Likewise, it is impossible to change one's [[race]], although makeup or plastic surgery has made it possible to alter one's racial appearance. The immutability of membership in a group is an important consideration in determining the level of scrutiny given to a law against that group under the [[Equal Protection Clause]]. | ||
| − | + | There has been much debate over whether homosexuality is immutable despite the existence of [[ex-homosexuals]]. Often the argument is made that it's either genetically determined (and thus immutable), or that it is entirely a matter of choice. Given this dichotomy, the premise that "I didn't choose to be gay" yields the conclusion that it must be genetically determined. However, the search for a "[[gay gene]]" has proved elusive. Many others, including most scientists, have a much less 'black and white' view. They propose that it is determined by a complex interaction of many factors, some of which could be genetic, but probably also include psychological, environmental and cognitive factors, and is shaped at a very early age. | |
| − | + | Simon LeVay wrote: | |
| + | "It's important to stress what I didn't find. I did not prove that homosexuality is genetic, or find a genetic cause for being gay. I didn't show that gay men are born that way, the most common mistake people make in interpreting my work. Nor did I locate a gay center in the brain. ... Since I look at adult brains, we don't know if the differences I found were there at birth or if they appeared later."<ref name="byrd">[https://www.thenewatlantis.com/publications/part-one-sexual-orientation-sexuality-and-gender Sexuality and Gender Findings from the Biological, Psychological, and Social Sciences, ''The New Atlantis'' (journal of technology and society)]</ref> | ||
| − | === | + | ==== Neuroscience ==== |
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| − | + | :Before 1960, the brain was considered by scientists to be immutable, subject only to genetic control.<ref> [https://web.archive.org/web/20170504030153/http://education.jhu.edu/PD/newhorizons/Neurosciences/articles/Response%20of%20the%20Brain%20to%20Enrichment/ Response of the Brain to Enrichment] - Marian Cleeves Diamond, Johns Hopkins School of Education</ref> | |
| − | + | :For decades, the prevailing dogma in neuroscience was that the adult human brain is essentially immutable, hardwired, fixed in form and function, so that by the time we reach adulthood we are pretty much stuck with what we have.<ref> [http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1580438,00.html ''The Brain: How The Brain Rewires Itself''], ''Time magazine'']</ref> | |
| − | + | ===== Frontal lobe injury and homosexuality ===== | |
| − | + | ''See also:'' [[Homosexuality and frontal lobe injury]] and [[Religiosity and larger frontal lobes]] and [[Atheism and the brain|Atheism and brain function]] | |
| + | [[File:Cerebrum lobes.svg.png|thumbnail|200px|right|Graphic of cerebral lobes. Light brown section of the graphic depicts the area of the frontal lobe. (Click on graphic to enlarge)]] | ||
| + | The [[frontal lobe]] plays a role in controlling sexual behavior.<ref>[http://www.neuroskills.com/brain-injury/frontal-lobes.php Frontal lobes], The Centre for Neuro Skills</ref><ref>[http://www.healthline.com/human-body-maps/frontal-lobe/male Frontal lobe], Healthline.com</ref> | ||
| − | '' | + | According to the 2007 medical journal article (and its abstract) entitled ''Neurological control of human sexual behaviour: insights from lesion studies'' which was published in the ''Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry'': |
| − | + | {{cquote|We review the human literature examining the effects of neurological insult on human sexual behaviour. We provide a synthesis of the findings to date, and identify key brain regions associated with specific aspects of human sexual behaviour. These include subcortical and cortical regions, with the mesial temporal lobe and the amygdala in particular being a crucial structure in the mediation of human sexual drive... | |
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| − | + | Disinhibited sexual behaviour has been reported following damage to the frontal lobes, particularly the orbitofrontal region of the limbic system. | |
| − | : | + | Kolarsky and colleagues54 examined the relationships between “sexual deviation”, age of lesion onset and localisation of lesion (temporal vs extratemporal). The authors defined two diagnostic categories: (1) “sexual deviation”, involving a deviation of sexual object (for example, paedophilia). Homosexuality was included in this category, which would now be considered inappropriate, and (2) “sexual disturbances other than deviations”, including orgasm in response to stimuli unrelated to the subject's sexual preference, hypersexuality and hyposexuality... |
| − | + | An association between temporal lobe abnormalities and paedophilia has been reported by Mendez and colleagues.<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2117556/ Neurological control of human sexual behaviour: insights from lesion studies],J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2007 Oct; 78(10): 1042–1049.</ref>}} | |
== Ex-Homosexuals == | == Ex-Homosexuals == | ||
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''For more information please see'': [[Ex-Homosexuals]] and [[Overcoming Homosexuality]] and [[Resources on becoming a Christian]] | ''For more information please see'': [[Ex-Homosexuals]] and [[Overcoming Homosexuality]] and [[Resources on becoming a Christian]] | ||
| − | + | In regard to the question of whether or not homosexuality is a permanent condition, one of the earliest historical records regarding of the existence of [[Ex-Homosexuals|ex-homosexuals]] is a letter of the [[Paul|Apostle Paul]] to the [[Corinth|Corinthian]] [[Christianity|Christian]] church. | |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
The Apostle Paul taught that [[Homosexuality and the Bible|homosexuality is a sin]] when he wrote the following: | The Apostle Paul taught that [[Homosexuality and the Bible|homosexuality is a sin]] when he wrote the following: | ||
| Line 276: | Line 152: | ||
{{cquote|Another factor from my experience as a close observer of the “ex-gay” phenomenon is that many former homosexuals do not linger in “[[Reparative Therapy|reparative therapy]]” programs, or participate in them at all. They attribute their dramatic and (relatively) rapid transformation to the power of God, and likely would not show up in a study of this kind. In fact, these “unstudied” overcomers would appear to be the most successful ex-homosexuals because they’ve moved on with their lives — as “reborn” Christians move on after overcoming any besetting sin.<ref>[http://americansfortruth.com/2007/09/16/landmark-study-change-for-homosexuals-is-possible/ Landmark study - Change for homosexuals is still possible]</ref>}} | {{cquote|Another factor from my experience as a close observer of the “ex-gay” phenomenon is that many former homosexuals do not linger in “[[Reparative Therapy|reparative therapy]]” programs, or participate in them at all. They attribute their dramatic and (relatively) rapid transformation to the power of God, and likely would not show up in a study of this kind. In fact, these “unstudied” overcomers would appear to be the most successful ex-homosexuals because they’ve moved on with their lives — as “reborn” Christians move on after overcoming any besetting sin.<ref>[http://americansfortruth.com/2007/09/16/landmark-study-change-for-homosexuals-is-possible/ Landmark study - Change for homosexuals is still possible]</ref>}} | ||
| − | In respect to Peter LaBarbera's statement above regarding homosexuals overcoming homosexuality through the power of God, in 1980 a study was published in the ''American Journal of Psychiatry'' and eleven men participated in this study. The aforementioned study in the ''American Journal of Psychiatry'' stated that eleven homosexual men became heterosexuals "without explicit treatment and/or long-term psychotherapy" through their participation in a [[Pentecostalism|Pentecostal]] church.<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7435713 E.M. Pattison and M.L. Pattison, "'Ex-Gays': Religiously Mediated Change in Homosexuals," American Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 137, pp. 1553-1562, 1980]</ref> The [[Apostle Paul]] in a letter to the church of [[Corinth]] indicated that [[Christianity|Christians]] were able to overcome being | + | In respect to Peter LaBarbera's statement above regarding homosexuals overcoming homosexuality through the power of God, in 1980 a study was published in the ''American Journal of Psychiatry'' and eleven men participated in this study. The aforementioned study in the ''American Journal of Psychiatry'' stated that eleven homosexual men became heterosexuals "without explicit treatment and/or long-term psychotherapy" through their participation in a [[Pentecostalism|Pentecostal]] church.<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7435713 E.M. Pattison and M.L. Pattison, "'Ex-Gays': Religiously Mediated Change in Homosexuals," American Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 137, pp. 1553-1562, 1980]</ref> The [[Apostle Paul]] in a letter to the church of [[Corinth]] indicated that [[Christianity|Christians]] were able to overcome being homosexuals through the power of [[Jesus Christ]] (I Corinthians 6:9-11). |
| + | |||
| + | === Ex-homosexuals in the sexology literature === | ||
Dr. Whitehead and Briar Whitehead state in their aforementioned book the following regarding ex-homosexuals [[Overcoming Homosexuality|overcoming homosexuality]]: | Dr. Whitehead and Briar Whitehead state in their aforementioned book the following regarding ex-homosexuals [[Overcoming Homosexuality|overcoming homosexuality]]: | ||
| Line 283: | Line 161: | ||
West mentions one man who was exclusively homosexual for eight years, then became heterosexual... | West mentions one man who was exclusively homosexual for eight years, then became heterosexual... | ||
| − | Another well known author in the field, Hatterer, who believes in sexual orientation change, said, “I’ve heard of hundreds of ... men who went from a homosexual to a heterosexual adjustment on their own.”<ref>[http://www.mygenes.co.nz/PDFs/Ch12.pdf From the book My Genes Made Me Do it - a scientific look at sexual orientation by Dr Neil Whitehead and Briar Whitehead -Chapter 12]</ref>}} | + | Another well-known author in the field, Hatterer, who believes in sexual orientation change, said, “I’ve heard of hundreds of ... men who went from a homosexual to a heterosexual adjustment on their own.”<ref>[http://www.mygenes.co.nz/PDFs/Ch12.pdf From the book My Genes Made Me Do it - a scientific look at sexual orientation by Dr Neil Whitehead and Briar Whitehead -Chapter 12]</ref>}} |
| − | [[ | + | === Hate Crime Law Misapplied to Ex-homosexual === |
| + | |||
| + | See: [[Hate Crime Law Misapplied to Ex-homosexual]] | ||
=== Denials that ex-homosexuals exist === | === Denials that ex-homosexuals exist === | ||
| − | |||
| − | Commonly homosexual activists fallaciously argue that ex-homosexuals “must never have been really gay at all” (see: [[No true Scotsman]] fallacy) or is “just deluding himself.” <ref>[http://lastresistance.com/4063/ex-gay-controversy-highlights-extreme-breach-gay-debate/ Ex-Gay Controversy Highlights Extreme Breach in “Gay” Debate]</ref> For example, when the alleged homosexual, male penguin "Harry" mated with a female penguin (see: [[Homosexuality in animals myth]]), the homosexual activist [[Wayne Besen]] angrily exclaimed "“There is no ‘ex-gay’ sexual orientation. Harry is simply in denial. He’s living what I call the ‘big lie.’”<ref>[http://americansfortruth.com/2009/07/15/gay-penguin-flies-straight/ Gay penguin flies straight]</ref> In [[Madison]], [[Wisconsin]] an ex-homosexual was forced to do 50 hours of community service and undergo "tolerance training" (or face jail time and fines) due to a discussion he had with a homosexual (see: [[Hate Crime Law Misapplied to Ex-homosexual]]). | + | ''See also:'' [[Denials that ex-homosexuals exist]] |
| + | |||
| + | Commonly, homosexual activists fallaciously argue that ex-homosexuals “must never have been really gay at all” (see: [[No true Scotsman]] fallacy) or is “just deluding himself.” <ref>[http://lastresistance.com/4063/ex-gay-controversy-highlights-extreme-breach-gay-debate/ Ex-Gay Controversy Highlights Extreme Breach in “Gay” Debate]</ref> For example, when the alleged homosexual, male penguin "Harry" mated with a female penguin (see: [[Homosexuality in animals myth]]), the homosexual activist [[Wayne Besen]] angrily exclaimed "“There is no ‘ex-gay’ sexual orientation. Harry is simply in denial. He’s living what I call the ‘big lie.’”<ref>[http://americansfortruth.com/2009/07/15/gay-penguin-flies-straight/ Gay penguin flies straight]</ref> In [[Madison]], [[Wisconsin]] an ex-homosexual was forced to do 50 hours of community service and undergo "tolerance training" (or face jail time and fines) due to a discussion he had with a homosexual (see: [[Hate Crime Law Misapplied to Ex-homosexual]]). | ||
The denial that [[Homosexuality and choice|homosexuality is a choice]] by homosexual activists and [[liberal]]s is similar to the behavior of [[fat acceptance movement]] activists who insist that being overweight is never a choice and ostracize ex-overweight people (see: [[fat acceptance movement]] for details). | The denial that [[Homosexuality and choice|homosexuality is a choice]] by homosexual activists and [[liberal]]s is similar to the behavior of [[fat acceptance movement]] activists who insist that being overweight is never a choice and ostracize ex-overweight people (see: [[fat acceptance movement]] for details). | ||
| − | ==Health | + | ==Anti-Homosexuality Blogs== |
| − | {{ | + | Two of the more popular [[Anti-homosexuality blogs|anti-homosexuality blogs]] are [[Americans For Truth]] and [[Gay Christian Movement Watch]]. The blog Americans For Truth is run by [[Peter LaBarbera]] and the blog Gay Christian Movement Watch is run by Pastor D.L. Foster. |
| − | === | + | |
| + | == Homosexual Men Seeking to Become Ex-homosexuals Often Do So to Heal Emotional Pain or For Spiritual Reasons== | ||
| + | A [https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/survey-finds-men-seek-to-leave-homosexual-lifestyle-to-heal-emotional-pain 2006 survey] finds [[Homosexual Men|homosexual men]] seek to leave homosexual lifestyle to heal emotional pain and for spiritual reasons rather than outside pressure. In addition, there is [[Homosexuality and Mental Health|other data that supports the above 2006 survey findings]]. | ||
| + | [[Image:FacProfilemontoya.jpg|right|150px|thumb|Dr. [[Alex D. Montoya]] wrote:"The [[Christianity|Christian]] needs to befriend and witness to the homosexual with such [[love]], [[compassion]], and [[wisdom]] that such will respond to the saving [[grace]] of [[God]]."<ref>[http://www.tms.edu/tmsj/tmsj11h.pdf The Master's Seminary Journal (TMSJ), 11/2 (Fall 2000), page 169, HOMOSEXUALITY AND THE CHURCH, Alex D. Montoya (Associate Professor of Pastoral Ministries)]</ref>]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Homosexuality and the Bible== | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''For additional information please see'': [[Homosexuality and biblical interpretation]] and [[Homosexuality and the Bible]] and [[Atheism and homosexuality]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | In respect to [[Homosexuality and the Bible|homosexuality and the Bible]], sound [[Bible Exegesis|Bible exegesis]] and Bible exposition demonstrate that the Bible condemns homosexuality.<ref>[http://www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/romans_malick.pdf David E. Malick, "The Condemnation of Homosexuality in Romans 1:26-27," Bibliotheca Sacra 150: 599(1993): 327-340]</ref><ref>[http://www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/homosexuality_corinthians6.pdf David E. Malick, “The Condemnation of Homosexuality in 1 Corinthians 6:9,” Bibliotheca Sacra 150: 600 (1993): 479-492]</ref><ref>[http://www.phc.edu/gj_haas_hermen.php HERMENEUTICAL ISSUES IN THE USE OF THE BIBLE TO JUSTIFY THE ACCEPTANCE OF HOMOSEXUAL PRACTICE, Guenther Haas, Redeemer College]</ref><ref>[http://www.tms.edu/tmsj/tmsj11h.pdf The Master's Seminary Journal (TMSJ), 11/2 (Fall 2000) 155-168 HOMOSEXUALITY AND THE CHURCH, Alex D. Montoya (Associate Professor of Pastoral Ministries)]</ref> In addition, [[Christianity|Christian]] apologist [[JP Holding]] refutes various arguments that assert that the Bible does not condemn homosexuality.<ref>http://www.tektonics.org/qt/romhom.html</ref><ref>http://tektonics.org/gk/genhom.html</ref><ref>http://www.tektonics.org/lp/lev18.html</ref><ref>http://www.tektonics.org/gk/gayjude.html</ref><ref>http://www.tektonics.org/gk/gaydavid.html</ref> In his essay which examines the biblical passages regarding homosexuality, Pastor and Associate Professor of Pastoral Ministries at [[The Master's Seminary]] Dr. [[Alex D. Montoya]] states that "The [[Christianity|Christian]] needs to befriend and witness to the | ||
| + | homosexual with such [[love]], [[compassion]], and [[wisdom]] that such will respond to the saving [[grace]] of [[God]]."<ref>[http://www.tms.edu/tmsj/tmsj11h.pdf The Master's Seminary Journal (TMSJ), 11/2 (Fall 2000), page 169, HOMOSEXUALITY AND THE CHURCH, Alex D. Montoya (Associate Professor of Pastoral Ministries)]</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | == City of Sodom, Homosexuality, and Archaeology == | ||
| + | The [[Bible]] clearly associates the city of [[Sodom]] with homosexuality ([http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis%2019:4-9;&version=49; Genesis 19:4-9]), although [[Sodom|the Bible associates with Sodom other sins as well]]. Claims that the primary reason for Sodom's judgment was inhospitality are not supported by sound [[Bible exegesis]].<ref>http://www.str.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=5702</ref><ref>http://www.apologeticspress.org/articles/480</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | The Bible states regarding Sodom: | ||
| + | |||
| + | ...the LORD rained on Sodom and [[Gomorrah]] brimstone and fire from the LORD out of [[heaven]], and He overthrew those cities, and all the valley, and all the inhabitants of the cities, and what grew on the ground. [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis%2019:24-25;&version=49; Genesis 19:24-25] | ||
| + | === Sodom and Archaeological Evidence === | ||
| + | [[Image:Martin destruction sodom640x422.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Destruction of [[Sodom]] by [[God]]]] | ||
| + | The following was reported in respect to Dr. [[Bryant Wood]]'s archaeological work in relating to the biblical city of Sodom: | ||
| + | {{cquote|Most intriguing was evidence that a massive fire had destroyed the city. It lay buried under a coating of ash several feet thick. A cemetery one [[kilometer]] outside the city contained charred remains of roofs, posts, and bricks turned red from heat. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Dr. [[Bryant Wood]], in describing these charnel houses, stated that a fire began on the roofs of these buildings. Eventually the burning roof collapsed into the interior and spread inside the building. This was the case in every house they excavated. Such a massive fiery destruction would match the biblical account that the city was destroyed by fire that rained down from heaven. Wood states, "The evidence would suggest that this site of Bab edh-Drha is the biblical city of Sodom."<ref>[https://www.probe.org/archaeology-and-the-old-testament/ Archaeology and the Old Testament by Patrick Zukeran]</ref>}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | Dr. Wood provides some additional material in relation to the find being the biblical city of Sodom.<ref>[http://www.johnankerberg.com/Articles/_PDFArchives/science/SC3W0903.pdf The Discovery of the Sin Cities of Sodom and Gomorrah, Part 1 of 2]</ref><ref>[http://www.johnankerberg.com/Articles/_PDFArchives/science/SC3W1003.pdf The Discovery of the Sin Cities of Sodom and Gomorrah—Part 2]</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Homosexuality and Promiscuity == | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''For related information see'': [[Homosexuality and promiscuity]] and [[Homosexuality Statistics]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | A 2004 article by Michael Foust states: | ||
| + | {{cquote|A new study by a group of [[University of Chicago]] researchers reveals a high level of promiscuity and unhealthy behavior among that city's homosexual male population. | ||
| + | |||
| + | According to the researchers, 42.9 percent of homosexual men in [[Chicago]]'s Shoreland area have had more than 60 sexual partners, while an additional 18.4 percent have had between 31 and 60 partners. All total, 61.3 percent of the area's homosexual men have had more than 30 partners, and 87.8 percent have had more than 15, the research found. | ||
| + | |||
| + | As a result, 55.1 percent of homosexual males in Shoreland -- known as Chicago's "gay center" -- have at least one [[Sexually Transmitted Disease|sexually transmitted disease]], researchers said. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The three-year study on the sexual habits of Chicago's citizens will appear in the upcoming book, "The Sexual Organization of The City" (University of Chicago Press), due out this spring.<ref>[http://www.bpnews.net/bpnews.asp?ID=17458 Baptist Press, MARRIAGE DIGEST: New study: Homosexual men prone to promiscuity by Michael Foust (Posted on Jan 16, 2004)]</ref><ref>[http://www.press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/470318chap2.html An excerpt from The Sexual Organization of the City - Chapter 2 - The Chicago Health and Social Life Survey Design - concerning Chicago's "Shoreland" area]</ref>}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Homosexual Couples and Domestic Violence == | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[Image:Cycle.gif|thumbnail|170px|left|A recent study by the [[Canada|Canadian]] government states that "violence was twice as common among homosexual couples compared with [[heterosexual]] couples".]] | ||
| + | For more information please see: [[Homosexual Couples and Domestic Violence]] and [[Gay bashing]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | Studies report that homosexual couples have significantly higher incidences of violent behavior. For example, a recent study by the [[Canada|Canadian]] government states that "violence was twice as common among homosexual couples compared with [[heterosexual]] couples".<ref>2004 General Social Survey], Statistics Canada, Canada's National Statistical Agency, July 7, 2005</ref> According the [[American College of Pediatricians]] who cite several studies, "Violence among homosexual partners is two to three times more common than among married heterosexual couples."<ref>http://www.acpeds.org/?CONTEXT=art&cat=22&art=50</ref> In addition, the [[American College of Pediatricians]] states the following: "Homosexual partnerships are significantly more prone to dissolution than heterosexual marriages with the average homosexual relationship lasting only two to three years."<ref>http://www.acpeds.org/?CONTEXT=art&cat=22&art=50</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | In June of 2004, the journal ''Nursing Clinics of North America'' reported the following regarding homosexuality and domestic violence: | ||
| + | {{cquote|Domestic abuse is under-reported in the gay community... | ||
| + | |||
| + | Male-on-male same-sex domestic violence also has been reported in couples where one or both persons are [[HIV]]-positive. Intimate partner abuse and violence include humilation, threatening to disclose HIV status, withholding HIV therapy, and harming family members or pets.<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=15159188 ''Nursing Clinics of North America'' 2004 Jun;39(2):403]</ref>}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Homosexuality and Murders== | ||
| + | ''For more information please see'': [[Homosexuality and Murders]] and [[Gay bashing]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Commonness of Homosexual Murder=== | ||
| + | Vernon J. Geberth, M.S., M.P.S. who is a former commander of Bronx homicide for the New York City Police Department stated in 1995 concerning [[Homosexuality and Murders|homosexuality and murders]] that homosexual murders are relatively common and these murders may involve male victims murdered by other males or may involve female victims who are in some type of [[lesbianism|lesbian]] relationship and they are murdered by another female.<ref>[http://www.practicalhomicide.com/Research/homoserial.htm Homosexual Serial Murder Investigation By Vernon J. Geberth, M.S., M.P.S. Former Commander, Bronx Homicide, NYPD]</ref> In 2005, Dr. Harnam Singh, Dr. Luv Sharma, and Dr. Dhattarwal reported in the ''Journal of [[India|Indian]] Academy of Forensic Medicine'' in respect to homosexuality and murders that homosexual murders are quite common and that these murders may involve both sexes either as victims or as assailants.<ref>[http://medind.nic.in/jal/t05/i3/jalt05i3p184.pdf SEX RELATED HOMICIDES AND OFFENDERS -A MEDICO-LEGALISTS VIEW, Dr. Harnam Singh, Dr. Luv Sharma, Dr. S.K.Dhattarwal, ''Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine'', 2005 ; 27 (3). ISSN 0971 -0973]</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Homosexual Murders and Brutality=== | ||
| + | ==== Homosexual Murders and Overkill==== | ||
| + | [[File:11943452 115b299206.jpg|thumbnail|205px|right|The eminent pathologist Dr. [[William Eckert]] wrote concerning homosexual homicides: "Equally high is the number of homicides, many probably related to transient attachments, which often lead to suspicion, jealousy, and murder. When murder does occur it is exceptionally brutal with an overkill appearance... Overkill, as it is seen in homosexual and [[Lesbianism|lesbian]] murders, is certainly a form of [[sadism|sadistic]] crime."]] | ||
| + | There have been a number of forensic journal articles on the issue of homosexual homicides and overkill.<ref>Tedeschi CG, Eckert W, Tedeschi LG, eds. Forensic medicine; vol 2. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1977:962</ref><ref>[http://medind.nic.in/jal/t05/i3/jalt05i3p184.pdf SEX RELATED HOMICIDES AND OFFENDERS - A MEDICO-LEGALISTS VIEW, Dr. Harnam Singh, Dr. Luv Sharma, Dr. S.K.Dhattarwal, ''Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine'', 2005 ; 27 (3). ISSN 0971 -0973]</ref><ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8838474?ordinalpos=3&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DefaultReportPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum</ref><ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9430297?ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DefaultReportPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum</ref><ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8947366?ordinalpos=2&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DefaultReportPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum</ref> | ||
| + | In 1996, the forensic journal [[The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology]] published an article entitled ''Homicide in homosexual victims: a study of 67 cases from the Broward County, Florida, Medical Examiner's office (1982-1992), with special emphasis on "overkill"''. The abstract for the journal article states: | ||
| + | {{Cquote|Forensic pathologists often state that homosexual homicides are more violent than those with heterosexual victims. Overkill or wounding far beyond that required to cause death is a frequently used descriptor of these deaths. We quantified the number and extent of injuries between homosexual and heterosexual homicide victims to determine whether one group suffered more violence than the other...Homosexual homicides are more violent than heterosexual homicides when one compares the mean number of injuries (fatal sharp, blunt, and total)/case and the extent of injuries on the body.<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8838474?ordinalpos=3&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DefaultReportPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum</ref>}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Dr. William Eckert on Homosexual Homicides and Overkill ==== | ||
| + | According to the [[New York Times]], Dr. [[William Eckert]] was a world-renowned authority in the field of pathology and he worked on major murder cases including the assassination of Senator [[Robert F. Kennedy]] and the [[Charles Manson]] murders.<ref>[http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C04E2DE123FF937A1575AC0A96F958260 ''New York Times'', William Eckert, 73, Medical Sleuth in Major Cases By WILLIAM H. HONAN, September 24, 1999]</ref> Dr. Eckert founded the ''American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology''.<ref>[http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C04E2DE123FF937A1575AC0A96F958260 ''New York Times'', William Eckert, 73, Medical Sleuth in Major Cases By WILLIAM H. HONAN, September 24, 1999]</ref> <ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,992160,00.html Time Magazine, Milestones by By VAL CASTRONOVO, MATTHEW COOPER, AUTUMN DE LEON, DANIEL S. LEVY, LINA LOFARO, CHRIS TAYLOR AND DAVID E. THIGPEN, October 9, 1999]</ref> According to ''[[Time]]'' magazine, Dr. Eckert was a pioneer who encouraged collaborative effort between law-enforcement and [[Forensic Science|forensics]] teams.<ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,992160,00.html Time Magazine, Milestones by By VAL CASTRONOVO, MATTHEW COOPER, AUTUMN DE LEON, DANIEL S. LEVY, LINA LOFARO, CHRIS TAYLOR AND DAVID E. THIGPEN, October 9, 1999]</ref> | ||
| + | [[Image:0-picture.jpg|thumbnail|180px|right|The eminent [[Pathology|pathologists]] [[Bernard Knight]] and [[Pekka Saukko]] stated that it is a fact that some of the most violent homicides seen by pathologists are among male homosexuals.<ref>Knight's Forensic Pathology',(3rd Ed) Saukko P. and B. Knight (2004) Arnold Publishers, London, page 428</ref>]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | Dr. Eckert wrote concerning homosexual murders: | ||
| + | {{cquote|Equally high is the number of homicides, many probably related to transient attachments, which often lead to suspicion, jealousy, and murder. When murder does occur it is exceptionally brutal with an overkill appearance... Overkill, as it is seen in homosexual and [[Lesbianism|lesbian]] murders, is certainly a form of sadistic crime. In these instances multiple stabbing and other brutal injuries...are common findings...<ref>Tedeschi CG, Eckert W, Tedeschi LG, eds. Forensic medicine; vol 2. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1977:962</ref>}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Additional Source on Homosexual Murders and Overkill ==== | ||
| − | + | ''The Encyclopedia of Serial Killers'' by Michael Newton reports: | |
| − | + | {{cquote|Homosexual slayers clearly have no monopoly on violence, but it is true that their crimes often display extremes of "overkill" and mutilation... On balance, it seems fair to say that while homosexuals sometimes fall prey to "gay bashing" violence by bigoted "straights," they are far more likely to be murdered by another homosexual than in a random [[Hate crime|hate crime]].<ref>The Encyclopedia of Serial Killers by Michael Newton, page 103</ref>}} | |
| − | + | The previously cited pathology textbook by Knight and Saukko stated the following: "In addition, quite a number of fatal altercations arise because a heterosexual man becomes violent when importuned by a homosexual."<ref>Knight's Forensic Pathology',(3rd Ed) Saukko P. and B. Knight (2004) Arnold Publishers, London, page 428-429</ref> | |
| − | |||
| + | ==Lesbianism== | ||
| + | [[Image:Schnieders.jpg|thumb|150px|Yvette Cantu Schneider and family]] | ||
| + | Women who engage in homosexuality are called ''[[Lesbianism|lesbians]]'' (after the ancient Greek island of [[Lesbos]]). Recently, the former lesbian activist Charlene Cothran left homosexuality and converted her pro-homosexuality magazine to one that helps homosexuals find freedom and deliverance through faith in [[Jesus Christ]].<ref>[http://americansfortruth.com/2007/10/11/ex-lesbian-charlene-cothran-tells-aftah-banquet-that-born-gay-claim-is-vicious-lie/ Ex-Lesbian Charlene Cothran Tells AFTAH Banquet that ‘Born Gay’ Claim Is ‘Vicious Lie’]</ref><ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uQGA-n4JyOY Charlene Cothran - Gay Activist Finds Christ - video]</ref> Lesbian activist Yvette Cantu Schneider also became a Christian and left homosexuality.<ref>[http://americansfortruth.com/2007/06/22/ex-lesbian-yvette-schneider-testifies-to-complete-and-permanent-change/ Ex-Lesbian Yvette Schneider Testifies to ‘Complete’ and Permanent Change]</ref> | ||
| + | <ref>[http://familypolicy.net/hope/?p=607 Yvette Cantu Schneider]</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | In 2007, [[WorldNetDaily]] published the following regarding a lesbian woman: | ||
| + | {{Cquote|A 53-year-old university professor and campaigner for legalized same-sex marriage in the UK said she was once a married "happy heterosexual" who had no doubts about her sexual orientation, but political activity and involvement in [[feminism|feminist]] causes "changed" her into a lesbian.<ref>[http://wnd.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=56458 Hetero woman: Feminism turned me into lesbian: 'I'd had a very happy marriage and a very good relationship with men']</ref>}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Health Effects of Homosexual Lifestyle== | ||
| + | ''For more information please see'': [[Homosexuality and health]] and [[Gay bathhouses]] | ||
| + | ===AIDS=== | ||
[[Image:Biol 01 img0018.jpg|thumb|200px|left|[[Human Immunodeficiency Virus]] attacking T4 [[lymphocyte]]s]] | [[Image:Biol 01 img0018.jpg|thumb|200px|left|[[Human Immunodeficiency Virus]] attacking T4 [[lymphocyte]]s]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''See also'': [[Homosexuality and AIDS]] | ||
| + | |||
A review of the history of [[Homosexuality and AIDS|homosexuality and AIDS]], indicates the original spread of [[AIDS]] is generally attributed to the aforementioned promiscuity of homosexual men. Originally the syndrome was called the "gay disease" because the overwhelming majority of patients were homosexual men. | A review of the history of [[Homosexuality and AIDS|homosexuality and AIDS]], indicates the original spread of [[AIDS]] is generally attributed to the aforementioned promiscuity of homosexual men. Originally the syndrome was called the "gay disease" because the overwhelming majority of patients were homosexual men. | ||
| − | In September of 2010, [[Reuters]] reported: "Nearly one in five gay and bisexual men in 21 major U.S. cities are infected with HIV, and nearly half of them do not know it".<ref>http://www.reuters.com/article/2010/09/23/us-aids-usa-idUSTRE68M3H220100923</ref> A September 2010 report of the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) reported : "Gay, [[bisexual]], and other men who have sex with men (MSM) represent approximately 2% of the US population, yet are the population most severely affected by [[HIV]] and are the only risk group in which new HIV infections have been increasing steadily since the early 1990s. In 2006, MSM accounted for more than half (53%) of all new HIV infections in the United States..."<ref> | + | In 2019, the [[Center for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) website declared: |
| + | {{Cquote|Gay and bisexual mena are the population most affected by HIV in the United States. In 2016, gay and bisexual men accounted for 67% of the 40,324 new HIV diagnoses in the United States and 6 dependent areas. Approximately 492,000 sexually active gay and bisexual men are at high risk for HIV...<ref>HIV and Gay and Bisexual Men, Center for Disease Control and Prevention website, Accessed February 2, 2019, CDC website is at https://www.cdc.gov</ref>}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | In September of 2010, [[Reuters]] reported: "Nearly one in five gay and bisexual men in 21 major U.S. cities are infected with HIV, and nearly half of them do not know it".<ref>http://www.reuters.com/article/2010/09/23/us-aids-usa-idUSTRE68M3H220100923</ref> A September 2010 report of the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) reported : "Gay, [[bisexual]], and other men who have sex with men (MSM) represent approximately 2% of the US population, yet are the population most severely affected by [[HIV]] and are the only risk group in which new HIV infections have been increasing steadily since the early 1990s. In 2006, MSM accounted for more than half (53%) of all new HIV infections in the United States..."<ref>A September 2010 report of the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]]</ref> | ||
In August of 2009, LifeSiteNews reported: "An official with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced the CDC's estimate Monday that in the United States AIDS is fifty times more prevalent among men who have sex with men ('MSM') than the rest of the population."<ref>http://www.lifesitenews.com/news/archive/ldn/2009/aug/09082609</ref> This is a dramatic recent increase. In June of 2004, the journal ''Nursing Clinics of North America'' reported that homosexual men and men who have sex with men "are nine times more likely to become infected with [[HIV]] than their heterosexual counterparts".<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=15159188 Nursing Clinics of North America North Am. 2004 Jun;39(2):403]</ref> Of newly diagnosed [[HIV]] infections in the [[United States]] during the year 2003, the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) estimated that about 63% were among men who were infected through sexual contact with other men.<ref>http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5424a2.htm</ref> | In August of 2009, LifeSiteNews reported: "An official with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced the CDC's estimate Monday that in the United States AIDS is fifty times more prevalent among men who have sex with men ('MSM') than the rest of the population."<ref>http://www.lifesitenews.com/news/archive/ldn/2009/aug/09082609</ref> This is a dramatic recent increase. In June of 2004, the journal ''Nursing Clinics of North America'' reported that homosexual men and men who have sex with men "are nine times more likely to become infected with [[HIV]] than their heterosexual counterparts".<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=15159188 Nursing Clinics of North America North Am. 2004 Jun;39(2):403]</ref> Of newly diagnosed [[HIV]] infections in the [[United States]] during the year 2003, the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) estimated that about 63% were among men who were infected through sexual contact with other men.<ref>http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5424a2.htm</ref> | ||
As of 1998, fifty-four percent of all AIDS cases in the United States were homosexual men, and the CDC stated that nearly ninety percent of these men acquired HIV through sexual activity with other men.<ref>http://www.catholiceducation.org/articles/homosexuality/ho0088.html</ref> | As of 1998, fifty-four percent of all AIDS cases in the United States were homosexual men, and the CDC stated that nearly ninety percent of these men acquired HIV through sexual activity with other men.<ref>http://www.catholiceducation.org/articles/homosexuality/ho0088.html</ref> | ||
| − | In 2004, Jeffrey D. Klausner, Robert Kohn, and Charlotte Kent reported in the journal ''Clinical Infectious Diseases'' the following: "[[Proctitis]], or inflammation of the rectum, is a condition that is not uncommon among men who have sex with men (MSM), and, in HIV-negative men, greatly increases the risk of acquiring [[HIV]] infection. With the recent increases in bacterial sexually transmitted diseases ([[STD]]s) among MSM in the [[United States]] and [[Europe]], there has been a concomitant increase in the number of cases of clinical proctitis."<ref>[http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/38/2/300.abstract Jeffrey D. Klausner, Robert Kohn, and Charlotte Kent, Etiology of Clinical Proctitis among Men Who Have Sex with Men, Clinical Infectious Diseases 2004;38:300-302]</ref> On March 15, 2004 [[Medscape]] published an article by John G. Bartlett, M.D. entitled ''New Look at "[[Gay Bowel Syndrome]]"'' in which they commented on the aforementioned 2004 journal article ''Etiology of clinical proctitis among men who have sex with men'' published by JD Klausner and C. Kent in the journal ''Clinical Infectious Diseases''. The article in Medscape | + | In 2004, Jeffrey D. Klausner, Robert Kohn, and Charlotte Kent reported in the journal ''Clinical Infectious Diseases'' the following: "[[Proctitis]], or inflammation of the rectum, is a condition that is not uncommon among men who have sex with men (MSM), and, in HIV-negative men, greatly increases the risk of acquiring [[HIV]] infection. With the recent increases in bacterial sexually transmitted diseases ([[STD]]s) among MSM in the [[United States]] and [[Europe]], there has been a concomitant increase in the number of cases of clinical proctitis."<ref>[http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/38/2/300.abstract Jeffrey D. Klausner, Robert Kohn, and Charlotte Kent, Etiology of Clinical Proctitis among Men Who Have Sex with Men, Clinical Infectious Diseases 2004;38:300-302]</ref> On March 15, 2004 [[Medscape]] published an article by the noted HIV/AIDS specialist [[John G. Bartlett]], M.D. entitled ''New Look at "[[Gay bowel syndrome|Gay Bowel Syndrome]]"'' in which they commented on the aforementioned 2004 journal article ''Etiology of clinical proctitis among men who have sex with men'' published by JD Klausner and C. Kent in the journal ''Clinical Infectious Diseases''. |
| − | {{cquote|There were multiple studies of the newly recognized "[[Gay | + | |
| + | The article in Medscape on gay bowel syndrome indicated: | ||
| + | {{cquote|There were multiple studies of the newly recognized "[[Gay bowel syndrome|gay bowel syndrome]]" in the late 1970s and early 1980s. However, subsequent attention and study has been sparse, in part attributed to reduced frequency thought to reflect changing practices by gay men in response to the [[HIV]] epidemic. This study clearly indicates that it is still an issue, since the cases were studied in 2001-2002. Also, the etiology is about the same as previously, although [[HSV]] is newly recognized as an important component. This finding not only affects management but also has HIV prevention implications. The authors note that two thirds of the participants were HIV negative and that proctitis increases the risk of HIV by up to 9-fold.<ref>http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/470936_4</ref>}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | The [[Johns Hopkins Hospital|Johns Hopkins]] HIV Guide website featured a duplicate of the aforementioned article by [[John G. Bartlett]], M.D. at Medscape which was entitled ''New Look at "Gay Bowel Syndrome"''.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081120130223/http://www.hopkins-hivguide.org/literature_review/02-2004/new_look_at_gay_bowel_syndrome.html Johns Hopkins HIV Guide, review of the literature - essentially duplicate of Medscape's New Look at Gay Bowel Syndrome], 2004, Wayback machine</ref><ref>[http://americansfortruth.com/2007/10/15/conservapedia-examines-gay-bowel-syndrome-homosexual-activists-lobby-against-term/ Johns Hopkins HIV Guide which was a duplicate of Medscape's New Look at Gay Bowel Syndrome] cited by journalist [[Peter LaBarbera]] at [[Americans for Truth]]</ref><ref>http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/470936_4</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | In 2014, the medical journal ''Current Opinion in Infectious Disease'' published a journal article entitled '''Gay bowel syndrome': relic or real (and returning) phenomenon?'' whose abstract indicated: | ||
| + | {{Cquote|Purpose of Review: This article aims to review the term 'gay bowel syndrome', including the recent research looking at increased rates of bowel infections in men who have sex with men (MSM), particularly in light of the recent Shigella outbreaks in MSM in London and New York, and considers whether 'gay bowel syndrome' is a syndrome that really exists and is worthy of further research and specific treatment, or whether the term continues to be obsolete and not useful. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Recent findings: ...there seems to be a clustering of diseases in certain high-risk groups, especially those in urban areas with multiple sexual partners, recreational drug use, and possible concomitant HIV infection. | ||
| − | + | Summary: All healthcare practitioners (including non-sexual health/HIV specialists) need to consider careful and thorough history taking (including sexual history) to identify those at risk.<ref>[https://journals.lww.com/co-infectiousdiseases/Abstract/2014/02000/_Gay_bowel_syndrome____relic_or_real__and.13.aspx 'Gay bowel syndrome': relic or real (and returning) phenomenon?] by Cooper F1, Barber T., ''Current Opinion in Infectious Disease'', 2014 Feb;27(1):84-9. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000032.</ref><ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24335755 'Gay bowel syndrome': relic or real (and returning) phenomenon?] by Cooper F1, Barber T., ''Current Opinion in Infectious Disease'', 2014 Feb;27(1):84-9. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000032., PubMed</ref>}} | |
In 2004, the prominent medical website, WebMD, stated the following: "Men who have sex with men and women are a "significant bridge for HIV to women," the CDC's new data suggest."<ref>http://www.webmd.com/sexual-conditions/guide/20061101/hiv-bisexual-bridge-to-women</ref> | In 2004, the prominent medical website, WebMD, stated the following: "Men who have sex with men and women are a "significant bridge for HIV to women," the CDC's new data suggest."<ref>http://www.webmd.com/sexual-conditions/guide/20061101/hiv-bisexual-bridge-to-women</ref> | ||
| − | ====Syphilis | + | ==== Teenage AIDS and Teenage homosexuality ==== |
| + | |||
| + | See: [[Teenage homosexuality]] and [[Teenage AIDS]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Homosexuality and proctitis === | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''See also'': [[Homosexuality and proctitis]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | According to the [[Mayo Clinic]], [[proctitis]] is an "inflammation of the lining of the rectum... Sexually transmitted diseases are the most common cause, but other causes include inflammatory bowel diseases, such as ulcerative colitis, and non-sexually transmitted infections."<ref>http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/proctitis/DS00705</ref> [[Sexually transmitted disease]]s that cause proctitis include [[gonorrhea]], [[syphilis]], cytomegalovirus, [[herpes]], [[chlamydia]], lymphogranuloma venereum, and [[amebiasis]].<ref>http://www.umm.edu/ency/article/001139.htm</ref><ref>http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec09/ch130/ch130f.html</ref> According to the Mayo Clinic, "proctitis in general mainly affects adult males".<ref>http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/proctitis/DS00705</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | In 2009, the abstract for the medical journal article ''Sexually transmitted infections as a cause of proctitis in men who have sex with men'' which was published in the medical journal ''Diseases of the Colon & Rectum'' declared: "Many men who have sex with men (MSM) present with complaints of bleeding, pain, and inflammation... Sexually transmitted infections are a common cause of proctitis and appropriate testing is imperative. Lymphogranuloma venereum is a common cause."<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19333054 ''Sexually transmitted infections as a cause of proctitis in men who have sex with men''], Davis TW1, Goldstone SE., Dis Colon Rectum. 2009 Mar;52(3):507-12. doi: 10.1007/DCR.0b013e31819ad537.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Homosexuality and Syphilis === | ||
[[Image:Ro0304F8Treponema.jpg|thumbnail|175px|right|A [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] analysis suggested that approximately 64 percent of all adult primary and secondary syphilis cases in 2004 were among men who have sex with men.]] | [[Image:Ro0304F8Treponema.jpg|thumbnail|175px|right|A [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] analysis suggested that approximately 64 percent of all adult primary and secondary syphilis cases in 2004 were among men who have sex with men.]] | ||
| − | [[Syphilis]] is an infection caused by the [[bacteria]] Treponema pallidum. An early publication to propose the link between homosexuality contributing to the spread of sexually transmitted disease was the [[England|English]] publication '' Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine'' in 1962. The '' Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine'' made the following statement: "The importance of homosexual practices in the spread of [[Venereal Disease|venereal disease]]s has attracted particular attention recently. It almost seems that these practices are keeping [[syphilis]] alive in this country." <ref>[http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1896863 A.J. King, The Complications of Homosexuality, Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, Volume 55 October 1962]</ref> | + | |
| + | ''See also'': [[Homosexuality and Syphilis|Homosexuality and syphilis]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[Syphilis]] is an infection caused by the [[bacteria]] Treponema pallidum. An early publication to propose the link between homosexuality contributing to the spread of sexually transmitted disease was the [[England|English]] publication '' Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine'' in 1962.<ref>[http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1896863 A.J. King, The Complications of Homosexuality, Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, Volume 55 October 1962]</ref> The '' Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine'' made the following statement: "The importance of homosexual practices in the spread of [[Venereal Disease|venereal disease]]s has attracted particular attention recently. It almost seems that these practices are keeping [[syphilis]] alive in this country." <ref>[http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1896863 A.J. King, The Complications of Homosexuality, Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, Volume 55 October 1962]</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | The [[Center for Disease Control and Prevention]] reported: | ||
| + | {{Cquote|Between 2016 and 2017, the number of reported primary and secondary (P&S) cases in the United States increased by 10.5%, and there were 30,644 P&S syphilis cases reported in 2017. Most (58%) of these cases were among MSM.<ref>Syphilis & MSM (Men Who Have Sex With Men) - CDC Fact Sheet, taken from the CDC website on February 2, 2019</ref>}} | ||
The news organization [[Cybercast News Service]] reported the following about [[Homosexuality and Syphilis|homosexuality and syphilis]]: | The news organization [[Cybercast News Service]] reported the following about [[Homosexuality and Syphilis|homosexuality and syphilis]]: | ||
| Line 328: | Line 325: | ||
In a report on sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) issued Tuesday, the government said syphilis, a disease that was almost eliminated as a public health threat less than 10 years ago, is on the rise -- with cases increasing each year since 2000.<ref>[http://cnsnews.com/news/article/homosexual-men-account-65-percent-syphilis-cases-cdc-study-finds Homosexual Men Account for 65 Percent of Syphilis Cases, CDC Study Finds]</ref>}} | In a report on sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) issued Tuesday, the government said syphilis, a disease that was almost eliminated as a public health threat less than 10 years ago, is on the rise -- with cases increasing each year since 2000.<ref>[http://cnsnews.com/news/article/homosexual-men-account-65-percent-syphilis-cases-cdc-study-finds Homosexual Men Account for 65 Percent of Syphilis Cases, CDC Study Finds]</ref>}} | ||
| − | === | + | ===Homosexuality and Gonorrhea=== |
In relation to [[Homosexuality and Gonorrhea|homosexuality and gonorrhea]], in 2006, the American Association of Family Physicians reported: "Men who have sex with men (MSM) have high rates of gonococcal infection. In [[San Francisco]], more than one half of these infections occur in MSM, and previous cross-sectional studies have reported a prevalence of up to 15.3 percent in this group."<ref>http://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0615/p1860.html</ref> | In relation to [[Homosexuality and Gonorrhea|homosexuality and gonorrhea]], in 2006, the American Association of Family Physicians reported: "Men who have sex with men (MSM) have high rates of gonococcal infection. In [[San Francisco]], more than one half of these infections occur in MSM, and previous cross-sectional studies have reported a prevalence of up to 15.3 percent in this group."<ref>http://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0615/p1860.html</ref> | ||
[[Image:Neisseriagon.jpg|thumbnail|175px|right|[[Gonorrhea]] is a [[sexually transmitted disease]] (STD) caused by the bacterium ''[[Neisseria gonorrhoeae]]''.]] | [[Image:Neisseriagon.jpg|thumbnail|175px|right|[[Gonorrhea]] is a [[sexually transmitted disease]] (STD) caused by the bacterium ''[[Neisseria gonorrhoeae]]''.]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | In 2017, the abstract for the medical journal article ''Frequent Transmission of Gonorrhea in Men Who Have Sex with Men'' published in the medical journal ''Emerging Infectious Diseases'' indicated: | ||
| + | {{Cquote|The rate of gonorrhea is much higher in men who have sex with men than in heterosexuals. Because of unique behavioral characteristics, asymptomatic sites of infection, mainly the pharynx, are principal drivers of gonorrhea prevalence in men who have sex with men. On the basis of this observation, we call for interventions. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The rates of sexually transmitted infections are rising rapidly in men who have sex with men (MSM). Gonorrhea is of particular concern because rising rates will increase the probability of antimicrobial drug resistance. In response, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has recommended reducing the prevalence of gonorrhea as a key strategy to mitigate against antimicriobial resistance. However, reducing prevalence requires understanding why gonorrhea is so common in MSM. We suggest that specific sexual practices of MSM result in them having a high prevalence of asymptomatic infection in particular anatomic sites and that these infections are the primary drivers of transmission.<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5176237/ Frequent Transmission of Gonorrhea in Men Who Have Sex with Men], Christopher K. Fairley,corresponding author Jane S. Hocking, Lei Zhang, and Eric P.F. Chow, Emerg Infect Dis. 2017 Jan; 23(1): 102–104. doi: 10.3201/eid2301.161205</ref>}} | ||
| + | |||
In 2007, the medical journal ''Sexually Transmitted Diseases'' published an article entitled ''Sexually Transmitted Infections in Western Europe Among HIV-Positive Men Who Have Sex With Men'' which stated the following regarding homosexuality and gonorrhea: | In 2007, the medical journal ''Sexually Transmitted Diseases'' published an article entitled ''Sexually Transmitted Infections in Western Europe Among HIV-Positive Men Who Have Sex With Men'' which stated the following regarding homosexuality and gonorrhea: | ||
{{cquote|"Since the late 1990s, increases in diagnoses and rates of gonorrhea have been observed across the region, although recently there has been evidence of a levelling off and even a decline in some countries. | {{cquote|"Since the late 1990s, increases in diagnoses and rates of gonorrhea have been observed across the region, although recently there has been evidence of a levelling off and even a decline in some countries. | ||
| Line 337: | Line 340: | ||
In [[Denmark]] (1994–1999), gonorrhea incidence was 6 times higher among known [[HIV]]-positive MSM [men who have sex with men]... A study in a [[Paris|Parisian]] clinic showed that at least one-third (30/92) of MSM diagnosed with gonorrhea between January 1999 and May 2001 were HIV-positive... In [[Sweden]], 5.4% (4/74) of gonorrhea cases were in HIV-positive MSM in 2000. By comparison, at sentinel sites in [[England]] and [[Wales]], 32% (123/381) of MSM with gonorrhea were HIV-positive in 2004.<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=17495592&ordinalpos=7&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum ''Sexually transmitted infections in Western Europe among HIV-positive men who have sex with men'',''Sexually Transmitted Diseases'' 2007 Oct;34(10):783-90.]</ref>}} | In [[Denmark]] (1994–1999), gonorrhea incidence was 6 times higher among known [[HIV]]-positive MSM [men who have sex with men]... A study in a [[Paris|Parisian]] clinic showed that at least one-third (30/92) of MSM diagnosed with gonorrhea between January 1999 and May 2001 were HIV-positive... In [[Sweden]], 5.4% (4/74) of gonorrhea cases were in HIV-positive MSM in 2000. By comparison, at sentinel sites in [[England]] and [[Wales]], 32% (123/381) of MSM with gonorrhea were HIV-positive in 2004.<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=17495592&ordinalpos=7&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum ''Sexually transmitted infections in Western Europe among HIV-positive men who have sex with men'',''Sexually Transmitted Diseases'' 2007 Oct;34(10):783-90.]</ref>}} | ||
| − | ====Hepatitis | + | === Homosexuality and Lymphogranuloma Venereum Outbreaks=== |
| − | [[Image:Hepatitis-c(1).gif|thumbnail| | + | |
| + | See: [[Homosexuality and lymphogranuloma venereum]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Homosexuality and Parasites === | ||
| + | [[Image:Ehistolytica05.jpg|thumb|right|180px|Throughout the world, high rates of intestinal [[parasite|parasitism]] are found in men who have sex with men.]] Concerning the issue of [[Homosexuality and Parasites|homosexuality and parasites]], anal sex can be an important risk factor for [[Intestines|intestinal]] [[Parasite|parasitism]].<ref>[http://www.springerlink.com/content/jx13231641717w48/ Intestinal Parasitism among Homosexual Male], ''Sexuality and Disability'' by Viroj Wiwanitki, June 2006, Volume 24, Issue 2, pp 113–115</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | The abstract for the 2017 ''[[Eurosurveillance]]'' journal article ''Outbreak of intestinal amoebiasis among men who have sex with men, Barcelona (Spain), October 2016 and January 2017'' indicates: | ||
| + | {{Cquote|[[Entamoeba histolytica]] has been recently recognised as an emerging sexually transmissible pathogen in men who have sex with men (MSM), causing sporadic outbreaks in countries where it is not endemic.<ref>[https://www.eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.30.30581 'Outbreak of intestinal amoebiasis among men who have sex with men, Barcelona (Spain), October 2016 and January 2017''], ''[[Eurosurveillance]]'', 2017</ref>}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | In 2006, the ''[[The Medical Journal of Australia]]'' reported the following: | ||
| + | {{cquote|High rates of intestinal parasitism are found in MSM [men who have sex with men] throughout the world. | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[Amebiasis|Amoebiasis]] has become endemic in MSM in [[Japan]] and causes significant morbidity and mortality; complications such as colitis and liver abscesses occur more frequently in homosexual and bisexual men than in heterosexual men. Similar findings on amoebiasis are reported from [[Taiwan]], with MSM at increased risk for invasive amoebiasis and intestinal colonisation with [[Entamoeba Histolytica|E. histolytica]].<ref>[http://www.mja.com.au/public/issues/185_08_161006/sta10803_fm.html ''Letter to the editor - Locally acquired infection with Entamoeba histolytica in men who have sex with men in [[Australia]]'', Damien J Stark, Rashmi Fotedar, John T Ellis and John L Harkness, MJA 2006; 185 (8): 417]</ref>}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | In 2001, The journal ''Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan)'' published an article entitled ''Amebiasis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome'' in which they stated the following the following: | ||
| + | {{cquote|While the overall prevalence of [[amebiasis]] is approximately 4% in the [[United States]], certain high-risk groups have a much higher incidence of infection and [[disease]]. Prevalence of [[Entamoeba Histolytica|E. historylitica]] or [[Entamoeba Dispar|E. dispar]] in the gay population of [[New York City]] and [[San Francisco]] approached 40-50% . Some Japanese literature also showed homosexual contact was an important risk factor for amebic infection.<ref>[http://www.journalarchive.jst.go.jp/jnlpdf.php?cdjournal=internalmedicine1992&cdvol=40&noissue=7&startpage=563&lang=en&from=jnlabstract Amano K, Takeuchi T., ''Amebiasis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome''. Intern Med. 2001 Jul;40(7):563-4]</ref><ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=11506293&ordinalpos=11&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum Amano K, Takeuchi T., ''Amebiasis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome''. Intern Med. 2001 Jul;40(7):563-4]</ref>}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Higher Rates of Syphilis, Gonorrhea, Lymphogranuloma Venereum, and Amebiases Elaborated=== | ||
| + | [[Sexually transmitted disease]]s that cause [[proctitis]] include [[syphilis]], [[gonorrhea]], [[Lymphogranuloma Venereum|lymphogranuloma venereum]], and [[amebiasis]] and as noted earlier the homosexual community has significant problems in regards to these illnesses.<ref>http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/proctitis/basics/causes/con-20027855</ref> In addition, as mentioned earlier proctitis significant risk factor in respect to [[HIV]] infection.<ref>[http://americansfortruth.com/2007/10/15/conservapedia-examines-gay-bowel-syndrome-homosexual-activists-lobby-against-term/ Johns Hopkins HIV Guide which was a duplicate of Medscape's New Look at Gay Bowel Syndrome] cited by journalist [[Peter LaBarbera]] at [[Americans for Truth]]</ref><ref>http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/470936_4</ref> According to the Mayo Clinic, "proctitis in general mainly affects adult males".<ref>http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/proctitis/DS00705</ref> | ||
| + | [[Proctitis]], [[syphilis]], [[gonorrhea]], [[Lymphogranuloma Venereum|lymphogranuloma venereum]], and [[amebiasis]] are all maladies that are associated with [[Gay bowel syndrome|gay bowel syndrome]] which why John G. Bartlett, M.D. stated at the Johns Hopkins HIV Guide website and at [[Medscape]] that gay bowel syndrome is still currently an issue.<ref>[http://americansfortruth.com/2007/10/15/conservapedia-examines-gay-bowel-syndrome-homosexual-activists-lobby-against-term/ Johns Hopkins HIV Guide which was a duplicate of Medscape's New Look at Gay Bowel Syndrome] cited by journalist [[Peter LaBarbera]] at [[Americans for Truth]]</ref><ref>http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/470936_4</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Homosexuality and Hepatitis=== | ||
| + | [[Image:Hepatitis-c(1).gif|thumbnail|205px|right|Hepatitis C Virus]] | ||
''For more information please see'': [[Homosexuality and Hepatitis]] | ''For more information please see'': [[Homosexuality and Hepatitis]] | ||
In relation to [[Homosexuality and Hepatitis|homosexuality and hepatitis]], according to the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) both [[Hepatitis]] A and Hepatitis B disproportionately affects men who have sex with men (MSM).<ref>http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/hepatitis/msm/hav_msm_fact.htm</ref><ref>http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/hepatitis/msm/hbv_msm_fact.htm</ref> | In relation to [[Homosexuality and Hepatitis|homosexuality and hepatitis]], according to the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) both [[Hepatitis]] A and Hepatitis B disproportionately affects men who have sex with men (MSM).<ref>http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/hepatitis/msm/hav_msm_fact.htm</ref><ref>http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/hepatitis/msm/hbv_msm_fact.htm</ref> | ||
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| + | In 2019, the CDC reported: | ||
| + | {{Cquote|Among adults, an estimated 10% of new [[Hepatitis]] A cases and 20% of new Hepatitis B cases occur in MSM. | ||
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| + | MSM are at increased risk for Hepatitis C if they are involved in high-risk behaviors. | ||
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| + | There is no vaccine for Hepatitis C and testing for Hepatitis C is not recommended for MSM unless they were born from 1945 through 1965, have HIV, or are engaging in risky behaviors. The best way to prevent Hepatitis C is by avoiding behaviors that can spread the disease, especially sharing needles or other equipment to inject drugs.<ref>Center for Disease Control and Prevention website, https://www.cdc.gov, accessed February 2, 2019</ref>}} | ||
In a 2007 article entitled ''Advances in the Management of Viral Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Infection in HIV-Coinfected Patients'' Vincent V. Soriano, MD, PhD reported in [[Medscape]] the following regarding homosexuality and Hepatitis C viral infections: | In a 2007 article entitled ''Advances in the Management of Viral Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Infection in HIV-Coinfected Patients'' Vincent V. Soriano, MD, PhD reported in [[Medscape]] the following regarding homosexuality and Hepatitis C viral infections: | ||
{{cquote|Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has not been thought to be efficiently transmitted through sexual contact. However, recent reports of outbreaks of acute hepatitis C among men who have sex with men (MSM) have changed this view. British researchers examined 7223 MSM who attended a single clinic in Brighton, United Kingdom, since 2000. The study investigators reported that highly risky sexual practices along with multiple sex partners explained the increase in episodes of acute HCV infection in this population.<ref>http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/554156</ref>}} | {{cquote|Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has not been thought to be efficiently transmitted through sexual contact. However, recent reports of outbreaks of acute hepatitis C among men who have sex with men (MSM) have changed this view. British researchers examined 7223 MSM who attended a single clinic in Brighton, United Kingdom, since 2000. The study investigators reported that highly risky sexual practices along with multiple sex partners explained the increase in episodes of acute HCV infection in this population.<ref>http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/554156</ref>}} | ||
| − | Viral hepatitis is one of the illnesses of [[Gay | + | Viral hepatitis is one of the illnesses of [[Gay bowel syndrome|gay bowel syndrome]]. |
| − | === | + | === Homosexuality and Shigellosis === |
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| − | + | ''See also:'' [[Homosexuality and shigellosis]] | |
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