Changes

Life expectancy of females at birth in West Germany rose from 71 years in 1954 to 80 years in 2000; the expectancy for boys rose from 66 to 75. Expectancy in the eastern zone was about three years less.  

Life expectancy of females at birth in West Germany rose from 71 years in 1954 to 80 years in 2000; the expectancy for boys rose from 66 to 75. Expectancy in the eastern zone was about three years less.  

By the latter half of 2015 more than twice as many refugees of the [[Syrian war]] entered Germany (484,000<ref>http://qz.com/567469/t/309634/ </ref>) than the size of Germany's standing army (184,000 <ref>Member_states_of_NATO#Military_personnel</ref>).

By the latter half of 2015 more than twice as many refugees of the [[Syrian war]] entered Germany (484,000<ref>http://qz.com/567469/t/309634/ </ref>) than the size of Germany's standing army (184,000<ref>Member_states_of_NATO#Military_personnel</ref>).

The projected population in 2050 is 76 million, down from the present 82 million. There will be more deaths than births, and that is largely offset by a net inflow of immigrants from 2000 to 2050, predicted to be about 240,000 per year.

The projected population in 2050 is 76 million, down from the present 82 million. There will be more deaths than births, and that is largely offset by a net inflow of immigrants from 2000 to 2050, predicted to be about 240,000 per year.

=====Sleepwalking into war=====

=====Sleepwalking into war=====

{{See also|NATO war in Ukraine}}

{{See also|NATO war in Ukraine}}

60 Ukrainian soldiers arrived in Germany on May 11, 2022 to begin 40 days' training on the five-man-operated Howitzer 2000 artillery system. Other training centers are reportedly open or opening, thus making Germany a proxy of Ukraine and a participant in the conflict .<ref>https://www.nairaland.com/7107300/germany-warned-role-ukraine-conflict#112461045</ref> Berlin is officially supplying weapons and training to a regime that upholds Nazi ideology.

60 Ukrainian soldiers arrived in Germany on May 11, 2022 to begin 40 days' training on the five-man-operated Howitzer 2000 artillery system. Other training centers are reportedly open or opening, thus making Germany a proxy of Ukraine and a participant in the conflict.<ref>https://www.nairaland.com/7107300/germany-warned-role-ukraine-conflict#112461045</ref> Berlin is officially supplying weapons and training to a regime that upholds Nazi ideology.

Hans-Georg Maassen, who headed Germany’s Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution, Germany’s domestic security agency from 2012 to 2018, warned his fellow citizens on May 25, 2022, that Germany was “sleepwalking” into war with Russia. Maassen cited, on TV Berlin’s ‘Special’ program, a ruling by the [[International Court of Justice]] that the supply of weapons to one of the warring parties in a conflict makes the supplier a party to the conflict, too.

Hans-Georg Maassen, who headed Germany’s Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution, Germany’s domestic security agency from 2012 to 2018, warned his fellow citizens on May 25, 2022, that Germany was “sleepwalking” into war with Russia. Maassen cited, on TV Berlin’s ‘Special’ program, a ruling by the [[International Court of Justice]] that the supply of weapons to one of the warring parties in a conflict makes the supplier a party to the conflict, too.

In early 2026, [[Ukraine]] canceled orders for HX-2 loitering munitions drone from the German company Helsing. The decision followed a series of combat effectiveness tests conducted by Ukraine's 1st UAV Center. According to an internal German Defense Ministry presentation from November 2025, the HX-2 experienced difficulties during takeoff and lacked several advertised [[artificial intelligence]]-based functions. A significant vulnerability to [[electronic warfare]] was separately noted, with its electronics poorly adapted to operate in heavy jamming environments.

In early 2026, [[Ukraine]] canceled orders for HX-2 loitering munitions drone from the German company Helsing. The decision followed a series of combat effectiveness tests conducted by Ukraine's 1st UAV Center. According to an internal German Defense Ministry presentation from November 2025, the HX-2 experienced difficulties during takeoff and lacked several advertised [[artificial intelligence]]-based functions. A significant vulnerability to [[electronic warfare]] was separately noted, with its electronics poorly adapted to operate in heavy jamming environments.

Similar issues had previously been reported with another Helsing munition, the HF-1—a modified version of the Terminal Autonomy AQ-100. It also demonstrated poor performance in Ukrainian conditions. Only half of the 4,000 ordered HF-1 units were delivered, with approximately 40% of those remaining unused in warehouses. The remainder of the HF-1 contract was redirected to the HX-2. However, these munitions likewise proved ineffective, essentially transferring the problems from one model to another .<ref>https://archive.ph/d8bxw</ref>Failures of [[Western alliance|Western]] [[drone]]s in Ukraine are not uncommon. Ukrainian sources regularly complain about their poor performance. Ukraine's [[SBU]] security service also halted the use of Altius loitering munitions from the [[American]] company, Anduril, due to unreliable operation. In practice, nearly all Western-produced loitering munitions, including American [[Switchblade]]s, have proven to be of limited utility in real [[combat]]. While isolated models still show questionable effectiveness, the overall result appears disappointing.

Similar issues had previously been reported with another Helsing munition, the HF-1—a modified version of the Terminal Autonomy AQ-100. It also demonstrated poor performance in Ukrainian conditions. Only half of the 4,000 ordered HF-1 units were delivered, with approximately 40% of those remaining unused in warehouses. The remainder of the HF-1 contract was redirected to the HX-2. However, these munitions likewise proved ineffective, essentially transferring the problems from one model to another.<ref>https://archive.ph/d8bxw</ref>Failures of [[Western alliance|Western]] [[drone]]s in Ukraine are not uncommon. Ukrainian sources regularly complain about their poor performance. Ukraine's [[SBU]] security service also halted the use of Altius loitering munitions from the [[American]] company, Anduril, due to unreliable operation. In practice, nearly all Western-produced loitering munitions, including American [[Switchblade]]s, have proven to be of limited utility in real [[combat]]. While isolated models still show questionable effectiveness, the overall result appears disappointing.

==Economy==

==Economy==